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Thick CoFeB with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in CoFeB-MgO based magnetic tunnel junction
V. B. Naik,H. Meng,R. Sbiaa
AIP Advances , 2012, DOI: 10.1063/1.4771996
Abstract: We have investigated the effect of an ultra-thin Ta insertion in the CoFeB (CoFeB/Ta/CoFeB) free layer (FL) on magnetic and tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) properties of a CoFeB-MgO system with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA). It is found that the critical thickness (tc) to sustain PMA is doubled (tc = 2.6 nm) in Ta-inserted CoFeB FL as compared to single CoFeB layer (tc = 1.3 nm). While the effective magnetic anisotropy is found to increase with Ta insertion, the saturation magnetization showed a slight reduction. As the CoFeB thickness increasing, the thermal stability of Ta inserted structure is significantly increased by a factor of 2.5 for total CoFeB thickness less than 2 nm. We have observed a reasonable value of TMR for a much thicker CoFeB FL (thickness = 2-2.6 nm) with Ta insertion, and without significant increment in resistance-area product. Our results reveal that an ultra-thin Ta insertion in CoFeB might pay the way towards developing the high-density memory devices with enhanced thermal stability.
Achieving High Aspect Ratio of Track Length to Width in Molds for Discrete Track Recording Media
K. O. Aung,C. Shankaran,R. Sbiaa,E. L. Tan,S. K. Wong,S. N. Piramanayagam
Journal of Nanotechnology , 2008, DOI: 10.1155/2008/765398
Abstract: Discrete track media (DTM) fabricated by nanoimprint lithography (NIL) is considered as a potential technology for future hard disk drives (HDD). In the fabrication of a master mold for NIL, patterning the resist tracks with a narrow distribution in the width is the first critical step. This paper reports the challenges involved in the fabrication of high aspect ratio discrete tracks on Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) resist by means of electron beam lithography. It was observed that fabrication parameters applied for successful patterning of discrete tracks in nanoscale length were not directly suitable for the patterning of discrete tracks in micron scale. Hence different approaches such as thick layer resist coating, introducing of post exposure baking process, and varying of exposure parameters were used in order to achieve uniform sharp discrete tracks in micron scale length on the resist. The optimal parameters were used to pattern 20 m long tracks with 70 nm track pitch on the resist.
Atypical Kawasaki in a 15-Month-Old Infant: Diagnosis Is Not Always Easy  [PDF]
M. Ech-Chebab, M. Rkain, A. Babakhouya, Y. Sbiaa, A. Ghannam, A. Elouali, N. Benajiba
World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases (WJCD) , 2020, DOI: 10.4236/wjcd.2020.107048
Abstract: Introduction: Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic febrile vasculitis in young children and infants, which affects medium and small caliber vessels. Case report: A 15-month-old male patient who initially consulted for left cervical lymphadenopathy against a background of fever. The diagnosis of an adenophlegmon has been suspected. Outpatient treatment was administered. The course was marked by the persistence of fever and regression of lymphadenopathy. Clinical examination during the check found cheilitis and peeling of the perineum with biological inflammatory syndrome. The patient received aspirin anti-inflammatory dose and perfusion of immunoglobulins with good progress. Conclusion: In the case of an adenopathy in infants associated with prolonged fever, one should always be wary of a Kawasaki even in the absence of other clinical criteria.
Power Aware Routing Protocol (PARP) for Wireless Sensor Networks  [PDF]
R. Prema, R. Rangarajan
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) , 2012, DOI: 10.4236/wsn.2012.45019
Abstract: Several wireless sensor network applications ought to decide the intrinsic variance between energy efficient communication and the requirement to attain preferred quality of service (QoS) such as packet delivery ratio, delay and to reduce the power consumption of wireless sensor nodes. In order to address this challenge, we propose the Power Aware Routing Protocol (PARP), which attains application-specified communication delays at low energy cost by dynamically adapting transmission power and routing decisions. Extensive simulation results prove that the proposed PARP attains better QoS and reduced power consumption.
An Innovative Low Cost EM Pollution Measurement System  [PDF]
R. Sittalatchoumy, R. Seetharaman
Circuits and Systems (CS) , 2016, DOI: 10.4236/cs.2016.78176
Abstract: Mobile phones and other electronic devices are emitting radiations that will provide harmful effects to the human health. In order to measure the radiation, an innovative low cost measurement system is proposed in this paper. The ideology is to simplify the circuit’s value by converting a voltage detecting circuit to a field detecting circuit by finding an optimum resistance on trial and error basis. The requirement for a trial and error technique is to not allow too high or too low resistance which can be either short or open, resulting provides more damage to the circuit.
Ant Lion Optimization Approach for Load Frequency Control of Multi-Area Interconnected Power Systems  [PDF]
R. Satheeshkumar, R. Shivakumar
Circuits and Systems (CS) , 2016, DOI: 10.4236/cs.2016.79206
Abstract: This work proposes a novel nature-inspired algorithm called Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO). The ALO algorithm mimics the search mechanism of antlions in nature. A time domain based objective function is established to tune the parameters of the PI controller based LFC, which is solved by the proposed ALO algorithm to reach the most convenient solutions. A three-area interconnected power system is investigated as a test system under various loading conditions to confirm the effectiveness of the suggested algorithm. Simulation results are given to show the enhanced performance of the developed ALO algorithm based controllers in comparison with Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Bat Algorithm (BAT) and conventional PI controller. These results represent that the proposed BAT algorithm tuned PI controller offers better performance over other soft computing algorithms in conditions of settling times and several performance indices.
Obtaining Optimal Solution by Using Very Good Non-Basic Feasible Solution of the Transportation and Linear Programming Problem  [PDF]
R. R. K. Sharma
American Journal of Operations Research (AJOR) , 2017, DOI: 10.4236/ajor.2017.75021
Abstract: For the transportation problem, Sharma and Sharma [1] have given a very computationally efficient heuristic (runs in O(c*n2) time) to give very good dual solution to transportation problem. Sharma and Prasad [2] have given an efficient heuristic (complexity O(n3) procedure to give a very good primal solution (that is generally non-basic feasible solution) to transportation problem by using the very good dual solution given by Sharma and Sharma [2]. In this paper we use the solution given by Sharma and Prasad [2] to get a very good Basic Feasible Solution to transportation problem, so that network simplex (worst case complexity (O(n3*(log(n))) can be used to reach the optimal solution to transportation problem. In the second part of this paper, we give a simple heuristic procedure to get a very good BFS to linear programming problem from the solution given by Karmarkar [3] (that generally produces a very good non-basic feasible solution in polynomial time (O(n5.5)). We give a procedure to obtain a good BFS for LP by starting from the solution given by Karmarkar [3]. We note that this procedure (given here) is significantly different from the procedure given in [4].
The Meaning of the Verb igrati
R.
- , 1953,
Abstract: Hr？ak ID: 5132
Zna？enje glagola igrati
R.
- , 1953,
Abstract: Hr？ak ID: 5132
Nekoliko misli o potro？nji riba
r.
- , 1951,
Abstract: Hr？ak ID: 15951
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